LAMP安装指南 LSUN
一、简介
使用LAMP（Linux + Apache + MySQL + PHP）来搭建中等级别的应用（尤其是电子商务）已经是一种流行的方式，因为全部是开源
和免费的软件，所以成本非常低廉。在搭建平台时，也可以直接使用RPM 包来安装，但是由于使用RPM 包在一些系统上不支持，因此我们使用
更通用的方法：直接从源代码来装。
Apache 是世界排名第一的Web 服务器, 根据Netcraf(www.netsraft.co.uk)所作的调查,世界上百分之五十以上的Web 服务器在使用Apache。
尤其是现在，使用LAMP（Linux + Apache + MySQL + PHP）来搭建中等级别的应用已经是一种流行的方式，因此，掌握Apache 的配置是系统工
程师必备的技能之一。
Apache 的特性：
1) 几乎可以运行在所有的计算机平台上.
2) 支持最新的HTTP/1.1 协议
3) 简单而且强有力的基于文件的配置(HTTPD.CONF)
4) 支持通用网关接口(CGI)
5) 支持虚拟主机.
6) 支持HTTP 认证.
7) 集成PERL.
集成的代理服务器
9) 可以通过WEB 浏览器监视服务器的状态, 可以自定义日志.
10) 支持服务器端包含命令(SSI).
11) 支持安全SOCKET 层(SSL).
12) 具有用户会话过程的跟踪能力.
13) 支持FASTCGI
14) 支持JAVA SERVLETS.
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rhel4 as中selinux默认是开启的，安装mysql时会造成初始化数据失败，应先关闭。
RHEL4上关掉SELinux的正确方法为：修改/etc/selinux/config文件中的SELINUX=”" 为 disabled，然后reboot。
***************************************************************************************************
二、相关信息
1.系统：
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS release 4 (Nahant Update 5)
ip: 121.10.106.179
2.软件列表：
├─rar
│ apr-1.2.7.tar.gz
│ apr-util-1.2.7.tar.gz
│ cacti-cactid-0.8.6k.zip
│ Discuz6.0.0-UTF8.zip
│ Discuz_6.1.0_SC_GBK.zip
│ freetype-2.1.10.tar.bz2
│ freetype-2.2.1.tar.gz
│ gd-2.0.33.tar.gz
│ gd-2.0.35.tar.gz
│ GD-2.32.tar.gz
│ GD-2.41.tar.tar
│ httpd-2.2.10.tar.bz2
│ httpd-2.2.10.tar.gz
│ httpd-2.2.4.tar.gz
│ httpd-2.2.9.tar.bz2
│ jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz
│ LAMP-conf.zip
│ libiconv-1.10.tar.gz
│ libiconv-1.9.2.tar.gz
│ libpng-1.2.10.tar.bz2
│ libpng-1.2.35.tar.gz
│ libxml-1.8.17.tar.gz
│ libxml2-2.6.24.tar.bz2
│ libXpm-3.5.5.tar.tar
│ libxslt-1.1.15.tar.bz2
│ mysql-4.0.26.tar.gz
│ mysql-5.0.26.tar.gz
│ mysql-5.0.40.tar.gz
│ mysql-5.1.30-linux-i686-icc-glibc23.tar.gz
│ mysql-5.1.30.tar.gz
│ MySQLBackup-v1.0.tar.gz
│ openssl-0.9.8e.tar.gz
│ php-4.4.9.tar.bz2
│ php-5.2.4.tar.gz
│ php-5.2.6.tar.bz2
│ phpMyAdmin-3.0.1.1-all-languages.tar.bz2
│ phpmyadmin-config.rar
│ re2c-0.9.11.rc1.tar.gz
│ soft.tar.gz
│ UCenter_1.0.0_SC_GBK.zip
│ ZendOptimizer-3.0.0-freebsd6.0-i386.tar.gz
│ ZendOptimizer-3.0.0-linux-glibc21-i386.tar.gz
│ ZendOptimizer-3.0.0-linux-glibc23-x86_64.tar.gz
│ ZendOptimizer-3.3.0a-linux-glibc21-i386.tar.gz
│ 数据库镜像相关文档.rar
│
├─sh
ftp下载地址：ftp://121.10.106.179
帐号：linuxsun
密码：linuxsun.cn
http下载地址：http://ftp.linuxsun.cn:8080/
三、安装步骤：
1.mysql
tat -zxvf mysql-5.0.40.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.0.40.
./configure –localstatedir=/date/mysql –prefix=/usr/local/mysql–with-charset=gb2312 –with-extra-charsets=all–enable-thread-safe-client –with-mysql-server –with-libdbi-dbd-mysql–with-DBD-mysql –with-big-tables
make
make install
确认安装过程没有错误，如果出错可以试下./configure 的一些非必选项去掉再编译安装。
数据库初始化
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db –user=mysql
创建mysql用户，并复制mysql配置文件
useradd -M -o -r -d /var/lib/mysql -s /bin/bash -c “MySQL Server” -u 27 mysql
cp /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf
将数据库的所有者和所有组为mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
创建mysqld服务
cp /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig –add mysqld
service mysqld start
将mysql的root用户密码改为yourpasswd
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password yourpasswd
详细可以看解压包下的帮助文档：
[root@localhost mysql-5.0.40]# more INSTALL-SOURCE
2. openssl-0.9.8e.tar.gz
tar -zxvf openssl-0.9.8e.tar.gz
cd openssl-0.9.8e
./config –prefix=/usr/local/openssl –shared
make&make install
find /usr/local/openssl/include/openssl/”.h .a” in NO
cp -r –prefix=/” /openssl/include/openssl/*.h *.a” /usr/local/openssl/include/openssl/
ln –s /usr/local/openssl/lib/libcrypto.so.0.9.8 /lib/libcrypto.so.4
ln –s /usr/local/openssl/lib/libcrypto.so.0.9.8 /lib/libcrypto.so
ln –s /usr/local/openssl/lib/libssl.so.0.9.8 /lib/libssl.so
ln –s /usr/local/openssl/lib/libssl.so.0.9.8 /lib/libssl.so.4
echo /usr/local/openssl/lib >> /etc/ld.so.conf
ldconfig –v
/etc/init.d/sshd restart
ssh -v or openssl version
3. apr-1.2.7.tar.gz apr-util-1.2.7.tar.gz
tar -zxvf apr-1.2.7.tar.gz
cd apr-1.2.7
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/apr –enable-threads –enable-other-child USE=ipv6
make && make install
cd ../apr-util
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/apr-util –with-apr=/usr/local/apr/ –with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql
make && make install
4. httpd-2.2.10.tar.bz2
tar -zxvf httpd-2.2.10.tar.bz2
cd httpd-2.2.10
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/apache –enable-mods-shared=all–enable-deflate=shared –enable-suexec–with-mpm=worker –with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql–with-apr=/usr/local/apr –with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util
make
make install
vi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
查找 AddType application/x-tar .tgz 做如下修改:
AddType application/x-tar .tgz
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php3
AddType application/x-httpd-php .phtml
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps
查找 “DirectoryIndex” 做如下修改：
DirectoryIndex index.html index.html.var index.php
:wq #保存退出vi
/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.10]# netstat -na |grep LISTEN
tcp 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN
apache以经正常启动了。
5. jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz
mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6
mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/bin
mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/lib
mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/include
mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/man
mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/man1
mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/man/man1
tar -zvxf jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz
cd jpeg-6b
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/jpeg6/ –enable-shared –enable-static
make; make install
6. libpng-1.2.10.tar.bz2
tar -jxvf libpng-1.2.10.tar.bz2
cd libpng-1.2.10
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/libpng
cp scripts/makefile.std makefile
make
make install
7. gd-2.0.35.tar.gz
tar zxvf gd-2.0.35.tar.gz
cd gd-2.0.35
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/gd2 –with-jpeg=/usr/local/jpeg6 –with-png=/usr/local/libpng –with-zlib=/usr/local/lib/
make; make install
8. libxml2-2.6.24.tar.bz2
tar -jxvf libxml2-2.6.24.tar.bz2
# cd libxml2-2.6.24
# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/libxml2
# make && make install
9. libxslt-1.1.15.tar.bz2
tar jxvf libxslt-1.1.15.tar.bz2
cd libxslt-1.1.15
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/libxslt –with-libxml-prefix=/usr/local/libxml2
make; make install
10. freetype-2.1.10.tar.bz2
tar jxvf freetype-2.1.10.tar.bz2
cd freetype-2.1.10
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/freetype
make && make install
11. php-5.2.6.tar.bz2
tar jxvf php-5.2.6.tar.bz2
cd php-5.2.6
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/php–with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs –with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql–with-libxml-dir=/usr/local/libxml2 –with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/jpeg6–with-png-dir=/usr/local/libpng –with-gd=/usr/local/gd2–with-zlib-dir=/usr/local/zlib –enable-ftp –enable-soap–enable-snmp –enable-mbstring –enable-sockets–with-xsl=/usr/local/libxslt –with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype
提示如下：
creating main/internal_functions_cli.c
+——————————————————————–+
| License: |
| This software is subject to the PHP License, available in this |
| distribution in the file LICENSE. By continuing this installation |
| process, you are bound by the terms of this license agreement. |
| If you do not agree with the terms of this license, you must abort |
| the installation process at this point. |
+——————————————————————–+
Thank you for using PHP.
Notice: Following unknown configure options were used:
–enable-snmp
Check ‘./configure –help’ for available options
#这里要确认下libpng gpeg 等等都被正确支持。”–enable-snmp”这个影响不,删掉再编译过.
make
make install
cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini #要记得路径到时候安装ZendOptimizer-3.0.0-linux-glibc21-i386.tar.gz要用到
12. 写个test.php放到apache的目录:
vi /usr/local/apachectl/htdocs/test.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
:wq #保存退出
chown -R daemon:daemon /usr/local/apache/htocs
chmod -R 777 /usr/local/apache/htdocs
http://121.10.106.179:8080/test.php
调整下权限,可以看到成果了。 ^O^
想方便的管理mysql还要做些调整：
13. phpMyAdmin-3.0.1.1-all-languages.tar.bz2
tar -jxvf phpMyAdmin-3.0.1.1-all-languages.tar.bz2 -C /usr/local/apache/htdocs
cd /usr/local/apache/htdocs
mv -f phpMyAdmin-3.0.1.1-all-languages phpmyadmin
chown -R daemon:daemon /usr/local/apache/htocs
chmod -R 777 /usr/local/apache/htdocs
vi config.inc.php
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['auth_type'] = ‘config’; 将config 改为 http
:wq #保存退出
http://121.10.106.179:8080/phpmyadmin
14. ZendOptimizer-3.0.0-linux-glibc21-i386.tar.gz
tar -zxvf ZendOptimizer-3.0.0-linux-glibc21-i386.tar.gz
cd ZendOptimizer-3.0.0-linux-glibc21-i386
./install.sh
Zend Optimizer Installation
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lqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqq Zend Optimizer 3.3.0a qqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqk
x x
x Welcome to the Zend Optimizer 3.3.0a Installation! x
x x
x For more information regarding this procedure, please see the x
x Zend Optimizer Installation Guide. x
x x
x x
tqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqu
x < OK > x
mqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqj
……
四、结束
参考资料：
SELINUX关闭了之后，安装好没有再打开啊，没有防火墙裸奔不好吧